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IP ratings are a set of physical standards defined in IEC529 (BVSEN60529:1991).
They relate to the protection which enclosures give against the ingress of particles or water.
IP ratings are expressed as two digits (eg IP55). The first digit defines the level of protection against contact and particles, whilst the second digit defines the level of protection against water.
 
First digit Protection against contact

Protection against particles

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
No special protection
with back of a hand
with a finger
with tools and wires etc >2.5mm thick
with tools and wires etc >1mm thick
complete protection
complete protection
No special protection
Large foreign bodies >50mm dia
Medium foreign bodies >12.5mm dia
Small foreign bodies >2.5mm dia
Granular foreign bodies >1m dia
Dust allowed but not affect function
Dust proof
Second digit Protection against water

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

 

No special protection
dripping vertically
dripping at an angle <15° from vertical
spray <60° from vertical
spray from all directions
jets from a nozzle in all directions
high pressure jets
temporary immersion
permanent immersion

 

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